ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF LiNiPO4 AND THE COPPER DOPED ANALOGUES TOWARDS OXYGEN REDUCTION

Authors

  • N. K. Janjua Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad,Pakistan
  • M. Mumtaz Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad,Pakistan
  • A. Yaqub Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad,Pakistan
  • S. Sabahat Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • A. Mujtaba Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad,Pakistan

Abstract

Olivine type single phase LiNi(1-x)CuxPO4 (0 < x < 0.99) samples were successfully synthesized by non-aqueous sol-gel method followed by microwave (MW) annealing.. The phase purity, lattice parameters and morphology was confirmed by FTIR, XRD and SEM studies. X-Ray diffraction patterns of both the parent LiNiPO4 (LNP) and doped analogues were similar. Vegard law signifies a linear relation between lattice parameter and dopant concentration. Resultant change (either expansion or shrinkage) in lattice parameters as a result of doping means that effective doping is done showed effective doping by following the Vegard’s law. Both LNP and its doped analogues were found to be electrocatalysts towards oxygen reduction which is apparently due to nanosized particles as obtained via MW annealing.

References

L. Carrette, K.A. Friendrich and U. Stimming,

Fuel Cells-Fundamentals and Applications 1

(2001) 5.

K. Kinoshita, Electrochemical Oxygen Technology (John Wiley & Sons 1992).

H. Li, G. Azuma and M. Tohda, Electrochem.

Solid State Lett. 5 (2002) A135.

P.S. Herle, B. Ellis, N. Coombs and N.F. Nazar,

Nat. Matter. Lett. 3 (2004) 147.

J. Wolfenstine and J. Allen, J. Power Sources,

(2004) 150.

I. Abrahams and K.S. Easson, Acta Crystallogr.

C, 49 (1993) 925.

M.C. Tucker, M.M. Doeff, T.J. Richardson,

R. Finones, E.J. Cairns and J.A. Reimer, J. Am.

Chem. Soc. 5 (2002) A95.

M. Wagemaker, B.L. Ellis, D.L. Hecht, F.M.

Mulder and L.F. Nazar, Chem. Mater. 20 (2008)

M. Minakshi, P. Singh, D. Appadoo and D.E.

Martin, Electrochim. Acta, 56 (2011) 4356.

L.E. Smart and E.A. Moore, Solid State

Chemistry: An Introduction, 3rd Ed. (Taylor &

Francis 2005).

A. Goni, L. Lezama, M.I. Arriortua, G.E.

Barberis and T. Rojo, J. Mater. Chem. 10 (2000)

A.R. West, Solid State Chemistry and its

Application. Student Ed. (Wiley and Sons 1998).

B.D. Culity, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, 2nd

Ed. Addison Wesley Pub. Co., Reading (1978).

C. Suryanarayana and M.G. Norton, X-Ray

Diffraction: A Practical Approach, 1st Ed.

(Springer Business Media, New York (1998).

C. Julien, M.A. Camacho-Lopez, T. Mohan, S.

Chitra, P. Kalyani and S. Gopukumar, Solid State

Ionics, 135 (2000) 241.

M.T. Paques-Ledent and P. Tarte, Spectrochim.

Acta 30 (1974) A:673.

A. Rulmont, R. Cahay M. Liegevis and P. Tarte,

Eur. J. Sol. State Inorg. 28 (1991) 207.

K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of

Inorganic and Coordination Compounds.4th Ed.,

Wiley and Sons (1978).

V. Ramar, K. Saravanan, S.R. Gajjela, S.

Hariharan and P. Balaya, Electrochim. Acta, 105

(2013) 496.

A.J. Bard and L.R. Faulkner, Electrochemical

Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, John

Wiley (1980).

Y. Wang, D. Zhang and H. Liu, J. Power Sources

(2010) 3135.

K. Arihara, L. Mao, P.A. Liddell, E. MarinoOchoa, A.L. Moore, T. Imase, D. Zhang, T.

Sotomura and T. Ohsaka, J. Electrochem. Soc.

(2004) A2047.

Downloads

Published

05-03-2014

How to Cite

[1]
N. K. Janjua, M. Mumtaz, A. Yaqub, S. Sabahat, and A. Mujtaba, “ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF LiNiPO4 AND THE COPPER DOPED ANALOGUES TOWARDS OXYGEN REDUCTION”, The Nucleus, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 109–115, Mar. 2014.

Issue

Section

Articles