HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF TRICKLE IRRIGATION EMITTERS UNDER FIELD CONDITION
Abstract
The efficiency of trickle irrigation system depends on the uniform distribution of water through mechanical device, the emitter. The aim of this research study was to compare and evaluate the hydraulic performance of pressurecompensating and non pressure-compensating emitters under field condition. Both types of emitters were subjected to different operating pressures (50,100,150,200 and 250KPa) of the water source. Three hydraulic performance parameters including manufacturer’s coefficient of variation, hydraulic design’s coefficient of variation and total coefficient of variation were tested for pressure-compensating and non pressure-compensating emitters. Manufacturer’s coefficient of variation (CVM) values was compared with test results for both types of emitters. Hydraulic design’s and total coefficients of variations were also determined at field level. The results showed that pressurecompensating emitters has less dependency on operating pressure as compared to non pressure-compensating ones which was further clarified trough statistical analysis by their linearity at 95% confidence and prediction intervalsReferences
R. Kumar and J. Singh. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng.
(2003) 432.
G. A. Clark, F. R. Lamm and D. H. Rogers.
Applied Engineering in Agriculture 5(2005)
K. Solomon, Transactions of the ASAE 4
(1985) 1151.
I.P. Wu, H.M. Gitlin, K.H. Solomon and C.A.
Saruwatari, System Design, Ch. 2.2. In
Trickle Irrigation for Crop Production, Eds.
F.S. Nakayama and D.A. Bucks. Amsterdam,
The Netherlands: Elsevier (1986).
J. Keller and R.D. Bliesner, Sprinkle and
Trickle Irrigation. New York: Van Nostrand
Reinhold (1990).
I.P. Wu, J. Barragan and V. Bralts, Irrigation
Systems Drip, In Encyclopedia of Water
Science, Eds. B.A. Stewart and T.A. Howell.
New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. (2003).
A.I. Al-Amound, J. Agric. Engg. Res. 60
(1995) 1.
N. Mizyed and E.G. Kruse, Transactions of
the ASAE 32 (1989) 1223.
D. Hillel and P. Vlek. Adv. Agron. 87 ( 2005)
S Khan, R. Tariq, C. Yuanlai and
J. Blackwell, Water Manage. 80(2006) 87.
T.C. Hsiao, P. Steduto and E. Fereres, Irrig.
Sci. 25 (2007) 209.
A. Pannunzio, M. Román, A. Wölfle and
J. Brenner, Design and Operation Decisions
in Drip and Micro Irrigation Systems, as a
Tool to Achieve Better Quality and
Profitability in Citriculture, p. 51. Proceedings
of International Congress on Citriculture,
Agadir, Marruecos International Society of
Citriculture (ISC), Riverside, California, USA
(2004).
H. Kirnak, E.Doúan, S.Demür and S. Yalcin,
Turk J. Agric. 28 (2004) 223.
I.P. Wu and H.M. Gitlin, Transactions of the
ASAE 26 (1983) 92.
I.P. Wu. Agricultural Water Management 32
(1987) 275.
V.F. Bralts, I-P. Wu and H.M. Gitlin,
Transactions of the ASAE 24 (1981) 113.
M. Decroix and A. Malaval, Laboratory
Evaluation of Trickle Irrigation Equipment for
Field System Design. Proceedings of the
Third International Drip/Trickle Irrigation
Congress, Volume 1, California, USA. (1985)
pp. 325-338.
C.A. Madramootoo, K.C. Khatri and M. Rigby,
Canad. Agric. Engg. 30(1988) 1.
I.P. Wu and H.M. Gitlin, Transactions of the
ASAE 26 (1983) 92.
ASAE Standards. Field Evaluation of Micro
Irrigation Systems. St. Joseph, Mich.: 43rd
Ed. (1996).