THE CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION: TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

Authors

  • M. D. S. Pirzada Chemistry Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • F. N. Pirzada Chemistry Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases. It is then stored instead of being released into the atmosphere. CCS has the potential to mitigate global warming by capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) at its major production centres such as fossil fuel power plants. Large scale capture of CO2has already been achieved commercially. The CCS is technically feasible and fairly well developed but to date no large-scale power plant is being operated with a full carbon capture and storage system. Compared to a plant without CCS, one with CCS can cut CO2 emissions to the atmosphere by approximately 80-90%. However, the energy required to accomplish CCS increases the fuel needs of a coal-fired plant by about 25%. This, combined with the total system costs significantly increases the cost of energy. This makes CSS currently a relatively expensive mitigation option. Still if fossil fuels remain a major part of the energy mix, the global exigency to reduce carbon dioxide emissions laid under Kyoto protocol can make CCS an attractive option. This article discusses the possibilities and limitations of CCS. The technical and economic uncertainties and obstacles in the implementation of CCS have been illustrated. The status of industrial-scale storage projects in operation and those in the pipeline has also been reviewed.

References

IPCC special report on Carbon Dioxide

Capture and Storage, Metz, B., O.Davidson,

H. C. de Coninck, M. Loos, and L.A. Meyer

(eds.). Cambridge University Press,

Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York,

NY, USA, 442 pp.

N. Stern, "The Economics of Climate

Change: The Stern Review" Cambridge

University Press (2006).

T.R. Karl and K.E. Trenberth, Science 302

No. 5651 (2003) 1719.

Impact of Emissions, Chemistry and Climate

on Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide: 100-year

Predictions from a Global ChemistryClimate Model (1998).

M.Z. Jacobson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 35

(2008).

Pakistan Strategic Country Environmental

Assessment, Report No. 36946-PK., (In

Two Volumes), August 21 (2006).

World Energy Intensity: Total Primary

Energy Consumption per Dollar of Gross

Domestic Product using Purchasing Power

Parities, (1980-2004).

Energy Information Administration, U.S.

Department of Energy (August 23, 2006).

The BP Statistical Review of World Energy,

, Report available at http://www.bp.

com/statisticalreview

R. Harrabin, "China Building More Power

Plants", Available on line at: http://news.

bbc. co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6769743.stm

K. Riahi, E.S. Rubin and L. Schrattenholzer,

Fuel and Energy 46, No. 3 (May 2005) 191.

International Energy Annual 2005: Available

on line at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/

iea/res.html

H. Yang, Z. Xu, M. Fan, R. Gupta, R.B

Slimane, A. E Bland and I. Wright, J.

Environ. Sci. 20 (2008) 14.

C. Gough, Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control 2

(2008) 155.

T.F. Wall, “Combustion Processes For

Carbon Capture“, Proceedings of the

Combustion Institute 31 (2007) p. 31–47.

H.J. Herzog and D. Golomb, "Carbon

Capture and Storage from Fossil Fuel Use,"

in C.J. Cleveland (ed.), Encyclopedia of

Energy, Elsevier Science Inc., New York,

(2004) pp. 277-287.

Goldberg, Chen, O’Connor, Walters, Ziock.

(1998). "CO2 Mineral Sequestration Studies

in US", National Energy Technology

Laboratory. Report available at: http://www.

netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/ca

rbon_seq/6c1.pdf.

Austell and J Michael, "CO for Enhanced

Oil Recovery Needs - Enhanced Fiscal

Incentives". Exploration & Production, The

Oil & Gas Review, (2005).

K. Riahi, E.S. Rubin, M. R. Taylor, L.

Schrattenholzer and D. Hounshell, Energy

Economics 26 (2004) 539.

H. J. Herzog, Environ. Sci. & Tech. 35, No.

(April 1, 2001) 148 A.

Downloads

Published

29-06-2020

How to Cite

[1]
M. D. S. Pirzada and F. N. Pirzada, “THE CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION: TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW”, The Nucleus, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 197–203, Jun. 2020.

Issue

Section

Articles